Abstract: Objective To study gender difference and its causes of anxiety among secondary school students.Methods 4 030 students were tested with SAS,TAI of STAI,EPQ,EMBU and five self2designed scales.Results The boys' anxiety score was(41.4±13.34)and the girls' anxiety score was(41.15±12.20).There was no gender difference in anxiety,but there was gender difference in anxiety state(boys=37.3%,girls=33.8%).The influence of the N of EPQ and inappropriate parental rearing on school boys was greater than that of school girls.Stepwise regression revealed that the trait anxiety was more meaningful to students' anxiety.Except the trait anxiety,FF6 was more significant to girls'anxiety,but to boys it was FM4.Conclusion There was no gender difference in anxiety,but there was a difference in anxiety rate,and it was related to multiple factors.