Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of antibod ies against oxidized low-density lipop rotein(oxLDL -Ab)in the occurrence of a the roscle rosis plaques.Methods A case-control study was conducted.Sixty cases with a the roscle ros is plaques were diagnosed through carotidultrasonog raphy examination.One hund red and forty three normal subjects were chosen as the control group.The levels of oxLDL-Ab were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbentassay(EL ISA).Blood lipids and BMI were also measured for multivariate analysis.Results The concentration of oxLDL-Ab was 15.4±8.8 U/ml in the patients,while it was 32.3±20.4 U/ml in the control group.The level of oxLDL-Ab in the patients was significantly lower than that of in the control group.The level of oxLDL-Ab was negatively correlated with atherosclerosis plaques after controlling confounding factors(P=0.001,OR=0.919,95% CI:0.876～0.965).Conclusion The antibodies against oxLDL may play a protective role in the occurrence of a the roscle rosis plaques.