Abstract: Objective To analyze the health-related knowledge acquisition mode and demand of the rural residents in Shandong province to provide scientific basis for the optimizing of health education in rural a reas.Methods By multistages tratified random sampling method,20087 people were selected from 40 admin is trative villages of 8 counties.Investigators conducted face-to-face questionnaire survey in households.Results 33.0% of the respondents accessed health-related knowledgeactively.And 79.0% of respondents wanted to know the knowledge about hypertension and diabetes.The percent of respondents who got knowledge by watching TV,consulting the doctor and reading new spaper and magazine was 59.0%,34.1% and 10.1%,respectively.60.5% of the respondents wanted to know the knowledge by consulting the doctor.Conclusion There was only 33.1% of rural residents got health knowledge actively.It is necessary to carry on health education in rural a reath rough various ways.