农村家禽养殖人员人禽流感KAP干预效果评价
Effectiveness evaluation on human HPAI behavior intervention in rural poultry farmers
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摘要: 目的 在农村家禽养殖人员中进行人禽流感预防行为干预并分析效果,探讨人禽流感防控策略。方法 对广东省广州市371名农村家禽养殖人员进行以健康教育、发放防护物资等形式的行为干预。干预前后分别进行人禽流感知识、态度、行为(KAP)调查,比较干预前后KAP变化情况。结果 调查对象在干预后人禽流感各知识点知晓率均明显提高(P<0.01)。干预后使用口罩(20.5%)、手套(17.1%)、帽子(12.5%)、洗手(29.5%)、掩埋死禽(51.8%)、发热后及时就医(25.1%)等行为分别上升至87.0%,67.4%,48.2%,94.5%,73.5%,70.5%(P<0.01);售卖、食用病死禽者由38.3%,10.2%下降至24.5%,2.0%;食用白切鸡者由36.6%下降至16.8%(P<0.01)。干预后,愿意改善养殖条件,加强个人防护者由45.8%上升到86.2%(P<0.01)。结论 行为干预对农村家禽养殖者提高人禽流感知晓率,加强自我防护,减少高危行为等方面均起到明显的改善作用。Abstract: Objective To conduct human HPAI(highly pathogenic avian influenza)behavior intervention among rural poultry farmers and to analyze the effectiveness of the intervention.Methods Behavior intervention including human HPAI health education and self protection appliance supply was conducted among 371 rural poultry farmers in Guangzhou,and KAP surveys on human HPAI were carried out before and after the intervention.Results Rate of awareness of each HPAI question increased a fter the intervention(P<0.01).Rate of using masks(20.5%),caps(12.5%)and gloves(17.1%),washing hands(29.5%),burying dead poultry(51.8%)and seeing a doctor when catching a fever(25.1%)increased to 87.0%,67.4%,48.2%,94.5%,73.5% and 70.5%,respectively(P<0.01).Selling and eating sick/dead poultry (38.3%,10.3%)dropped to 24.5% and 2.0%(P<0.01).Eating plain boiled chicken(36.6%)dropped to 16.8%(P<0.01).Agreeing to improve working conditions rose to 86.2% from 45.8%(P<0.01).Conclusion Behavior intervention plays an important role in increasing rural poultry farmers' human HPAI knowledge,improving self-protection and reducing high risk behaviors.
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