Abstract: Objective To obtain information about childrens growth and development in different family background,so as to explore family factors influence on childrens growth and development.Methods By random cluster sampling,54633 preschool children were selected.Their height and weight were measured according to standard measurements and in formation on family backg round were collected.Multivariate analysis was adopted to analyze influence of family factors on childrens growth and development.Results Height for age(HFA)and weight for age(WFA)of children living in urban area were significantly higher than those of living in country side.HFA and WFA of children from different family types were distinctly different.For example,children HFA and WFA of stemfamily were obviously lower than those of nuclear family.And HFA and WFA of the children being fostered mainly by maternal grandm other,grandm other or babysitter were obvious lylower than those fostered mainly by mother or others.HFA and WFA of the children were positively correlated with the education level of their foster(P<0.01).The children with white collar parents had higher HFA and WFA than that of other children(P<0.01).Conclusion Different living surroundings have certain influence on the childrens growth and development.Children sHFA were more affected than WFA by family factors.Government should provide more childcare to those children with main foster of low education level.