Abstract: ObjectiveTo understand the health-related quality of life(HRQOL)and its influencing factors in rural women.MethodsThe sumple was randomly chosen with stratified cluster sumpling and 1653 coral women from Anyue of Sichuan, Linquan of Anhui, Caoxian and Chiping of Shandong were investigated HRQOL was measured by EQ-5D.SPSS 13.0 software was used in analysis.ResultsThe average health index of women was 70.3.Among four counties, Caoxian was the highest(75.8),which was 13 points higher than that of Anyue Women's health index declined with aging and the young group was 8 and 16 points higher than that of middle-aged group and elder group.With the increase of education level, the health index increased The illiteracy group was 66.6, while the middle school and higher level education was 77.6.The difference was mainly in the feeling of pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression of the five health dimensions There were 34.3% and 27.5% of the women with pain/discomfort or anxiety/depression.ConclusionEnhancing education degree, improving living environmentand effective psychological intervention can improve the HRQOL of rural women.