Abstract: ObjectiveTo confiun the association between HLA-DRB1*0701 and environmenmtal factor such as smoking, drinking with the non-or hyporesponse to hepatitis B vaccine.MethodsA case-control study included 128 non-or hyporesponders and 128 responders from 1 342 healthy adults who were subjected to a standard course of inmunization with recom binant hepatitits B virus vaccine All subjects were investigated with a unifoun questionnaire HLA-DRB1*0701 genes was detected with ploymemse chain reaction-sequence specific prines(PCR-SP).The data were analysed with SPSS 13.0 software.ResultsUnivariate analysis indicated that age (OR=2.52, 95% CI 1.51-4.21),BMI (OR=2.38,95% CI 1.13-5.02),smoking (OR=2.15, 95% CI 1.08-4.28) and drinking tea (OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.10-0.99) were associated with non-or hyporesponse.The DRB1*0701 allele was found at a ratio of 16.4% in the non-or hyporesponders which was significant when compared with the responders(3.9%,χ²=10.959, P=0.002, OR=4.83).The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that only 3 factors entered the model, including age (OR=2.12,95% CI 1.24-9.69),BMI(OR=2.21, 95% CI 1.04-4.72),DRB1*0701 (OR=4.08, 95% CI 1.45-11.46).ConclusionMany factors were associated with non-or hyporesponse to hepatitis B raccine.