Abstract: Objective To find outmalignanttum or mortality and distribution characteristics among the residents living in Dawen River drainage area of Taiancity.Methods The cross section research was adopted to carry outmalignanttum or death survey among the inhabitants in the research area.ICD-10 was used to classify the death cause.Results The adjusted average yearly mortality of the population studied was 189.17/100000 and that of the control population was 162.63/100000.The difference was statistically significant(u=5.81,P<0.001).The age distribution showed that the mortality rates increased along with the agea fter the age of 45.The cancer death spectrum was various in different age groups.The leukemia was the dominant cancer death in the population under 35 years old and the death of esophagus cancer was the first cancer death among the population elder than 35 years.The cancer mortality among males was higher than that of among the female obviously(research area u=36.3,P<0.001;control area u=44.34,P<0.001).Conclusion The malignanttum or mortality was high among the residents of Dawen River drainate area.High leukemia mortality was observed in younger population.High esophagus cancer mortality in elder population and high cancer mortaility among males were observed.