Abstract: Objective To describe the epidem is status of hepatitisB virus(HBV)infection in Shaanxiprovince and to study the risk factors of HB V infection.Methods A m ultistage random ized sampling method was used Totally 2224 personswere sampled to collect infounation on HBV infection-related behavior and to take senun sample for the test of HBV infection with EL ISA.Results The infection rate of HBV in the subjects was 37.58% and decreased by 23.35% compared with the data in 1992 Children under 5 years had the lowest rate The rate of HBV infection in the children under 15 years were lower than that of above 15 years old The infection mte of HBV in coral subjects were higher than that of the urban subjects and the rate of HBV infection among the people who had received vaccination was lower than that of people had not The infectionmte of HBV was high in unlettered population and in cadre,faun er and service worker The main risk factors of HBV infection were history of operation,cavitas oris diagnosis and treahn ent,acupuncture therapy,sharing syringe,and having tmum atogenic corm etology.Conclusion The infection rate of HBV in the population studied declined,especial1y in children under 15 years old The nextwork should be enhancing vaccination in rural areas,developing appropriate educanon program.The vaccination among people at high risk is also an inportantm easure to prevent hepatitis B.