广东省管道直饮水系统水质变化趋势分析
Water quality of piping drinking-water system in Guangdong province from 2004-2008
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摘要: 目的 了解广东省管道直饮水系统的水质现状和变化趋势。方法 于2004-2008年,选择广东省不同地区、不同类型的管道直饮水系统进行重金属、有机物、微生物等指标的净化效果和变化趋势分析。结果 市政自来水经过净化后(直饮水)其硝酸盐、砷、氯仿、四氯化碳的去除率未达到《生活饮用水水质处理器卫生安全与功能评价规范-反渗透处理装置》(2001)的要求,耗氧量(82.55%)等指标去除率达到要求,反渗透膜脱盐率只有71.4%符合GB/T19249-2003的要求。微生物、重金属、电导率等指标在研究期间无明显变化(P>0.05),而耗氧量从0.45mg/L上升至1.18 mg/L(P<0.01);浊度每月变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),最高值为0.55 NTU,最低值为0.11NTU。不同直饮水系统的电导率、pH等特异水质指标间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);反渗透设备脱盐率最高为99.1%,最低为90.7%。广州、深圳、珠海、东莞市直饮水的溶解性总固体均值分别为13.3,76.6,37.9,20.6 mg/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 不同地区和不同类型管道直饮水系统水质各不相同,耗氧量有增加趋势;浊度有变化,微生物和重金属没有变化。Abstract: Objective To know the situation of water quality of piping drinking-water system.Methods Purification effect,heavy metals,organics and microbes in drinking water from different areas and different types of piping drinking-water system were studied from 2004 to 2008.Results The results showed that the removal rates of nitrate,a rsenic,chloroform,and carbon tetrachloride for tap water after being purifieddid not meet the qualification of the water purifier regulation.But oxygen consumption(82.55%)met the qualification.Only 71.4% of desalinization rate of reverse osmosismembrane met the regulation.Some indicators like conductivity had no significant change.There was a difference in conductivity for water from different areas and different piping drinking-water systems.Conclusion The quality of water for different piping drinking-water systems is not the same.There are obvious changes in oxygen consumption.Microorganisms and heavy metals are of no obvious change.
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