Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between professional stress and mental health among primary and secondary school teachers in minority area.Methods Totally 542 teachers from 18 primary and secondary schools of three minority a reas were randomly chosen and assessed with Symptom Checklist 290(SCL-90)and professional stress scale.Results There was nosignificant difference in professional stress between different gender and different nationality(P>0.05).The scores of examination tension stress of high school and middle schooll teachers were higher than that of elementary school teachers(3.25±1.15 and 3.19±1.06 vs 2.89±1.03,P<0.05)and working stress of senior high school teachers was higher than that of elementaty school teachers(3.10±1.15 vs 2.86±1.00,P<0105).The score of family and friend relationship stress of rural teachers was higher than that of town and city teachers(2.67±0.97 vs 2.43±0.82 and 2.29± 0.84,P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between professional stress and mental health(P<0.05)Conclusion To reduce professional stress is an effective way to promotemental health of primary and secondaty school teachers.