Abstract: Objective To know the economic burden of non-communicable chronic diseases(NCDs)in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Methods A total of 8 347 commumity inhabitants in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were surveyed.Two-step model and human capital approach were used to measure the economic cost of NCDs according to the data from NCDs surveys.Results In 2008,the prevalence of NCDs was 248.5‰.The leading five preva lences of NCDs were hypertension,diabetes,gastricism,other types of heart disease,and coronary heart disease.The total economic burden of NCDs was 1.941 billion Yuan RMB.The directeconomic burden was 1.713 billion Yuan RMB and the indirect economic burden was 0.228 billion Yuan RMB.The leading five burden of NCDs were malignancy,diabetes,heart disease,hypertension,and cerebrovascular disease with a total economic burden of 9.46 billion Yuan RMB,accounting for 48.74% of the total economic burden of NCDs.Conclusion The prevalence of NCDs is high in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.NCDs induce serious economic burden to individual,household and society.