Abstract: ObjectiveTo know the prevalent characteristics and influence factors of non-communicable chronic diseases(NCDs)in a population of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.MethodsWith stratified-cluster random sampling,a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 2008.The standardization was used for standardized prevalence rate of NCDs according to age proportion of population in 2007.ResultsIn 2008,the prevalence rate of NCDs was 248.5‰(urban residents:332.8‰,ural residents:213.1‰).The Standardized rate of NCDs was 157.4‰ in the population.Hypertension,heart disease,diabetes,chronic gastroenteritis,and cerebrovascular disease were the top five NCDs in the study population,with prevalence rates of 81.9‰,52.6‰,33.3‰, 29.8‰,and 20.2‰,and standardized rates of 45.6‰,28.5‰,19.1‰,20.5‰,and 10.8‰,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of NCDs in urban residents were aging,illiteracy,with medical insurance,ex-smoker and high income.The risk factors of NCDS for rural residents were female,aging,with medical insurance, ex-smoker and poverty.ConclusionCardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,diabetes are major NCDs and aging of the population is the main reason for NCDs prevalence in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.