Abstract: Objective To explore related factors of female breast cancer for Han and Uygur nationality in Xinjiang area.Methods A 1:1 matched case control study was conducted in 433 Han and 103 Uygur female breast cancer cases with hitopa thological diagnosis and 536 control women receiving medical examination using conditional logistic regression analysis.Results The common risk factors of Han and Uygur female breast cancer included late menopause,family history of cancer,and psychological irritation.The uniquerisk factor for breast cancer in Han and Uygur female was high intake of preserved foods(oddsratioOR=2.729,95% confidence intervalCI=1.762-4.228)and high intake of meat(OR=2.744,95%CI=1.784-4.221),respectively.However,regularity of menstruation period(OR=0.475,95%CI=0.252-0.893),high intake of vegetables(OR=0.498,95%CI=0.348-0.712)were protective factor for Han female and late age of menarche(OR=0.676,95%CI=0.536-0.812),long time of breast feeding(OR=0.496,95%CI=0.269-0.618),and more parity(OR=0.306,95%CI=0.097-0.965)were protective factor for Uygur female.Conclusion The risk factors of female breast cancer are different between Han and Uygurnationality in Xinjiang area.