Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the relationship between dietary fat intake and abnormal lipid metabolism among residents in rural area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,and to provide scientific basis for control strategies of abnormal lipid metabolism.MethodsA cluster sampling method was used to select subjects form Hui and Han ethnic villages randomly.The contexts of survey included behavioral factors,general diet conditions,and collection of blood samples.Serum total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)were measured.All data were analyzed with Spss11.5 software package.Associations between categorical variables were tested,whereas differences between categorical and several biochemical and clinical indices were tested using T test.Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze relationship between dietary patterns and abnormal lipid metabolism.ResultsThere were 1612 subjects enrolled in the analysis,of which 483 suffered from abnormal lipid metabolism with an ageadjusted prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism of 15.62% (Hui ethnic group,18.69%;Han ethnic group,13.26%).The prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism of Hui ethnic group was higher than that of Han(χ²=14.817,P<0.001).The prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism increased with age in both race.The results showed that saturated fatty acid had positive correlation with TC and HDL-C and linoleic acids had negative correlation with TC and HDL-C.There were positive correlations between monounsaturated fatty acids,linolenic acid and HDL-C.ConclusionThere is a higher prevalence of abnormal lipid metabolism among rural adults in Ningxia.Dietary fatty acids are closely related with abnormal lipid metabolism.