Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)in the seed region of hsa-miR-499-3p(rs3746444 A>G)and lung cancer risk among southern Chinese population.MethodsIn a case-control study,we recruited 526 lung cancer cases and 526 age and sex frequency-matched cancer-free controls.PCR-resriction fragment length polymorphrism(RFLP)was used to genotype rs3746444 and unconditional logistic regression was conducted to analyze the association between the SNP and lung cancer risk with SAS 9.13.ResultsCompared with the AA genotype, AG heterozygote marginally increased the risk of lung cancer(adjusted odds ratiosOR=1.32,95% confidence in terval CI:1.01-1.81;P<0.05),while the GG homozygote correlated with a 1.22-folds increased risk of lung cancer(95% CI:1.52-3.23;P<0.0001).There was a significant trend for an allele dose-effect on risk of lung cancer (P-trend<0.0001).ConclusionThe genetic variant in the seed region of hsa-miR-499-3p(rs3746444 A>G)could increase the risk of lung cancer.