Abstract: Objective To investigate knowledge,behavior and intervention need for prevention of infectious disease in middle school students and to provide evidence for further behavior intervention.Methods Totally 1 200 middle school students were selected with multi-phase cluster sampling from two counties/districts in Shandong province and surveyed with a questionnaire designed by Chinese Center for Health Education.Results The know ledge rate of the students about tuberculosis,influenza,mumps was 74.6%,76.1%,and 70.2%,respectively.Except for two questions on the transmission route of mumps and influenza,the knowing rates of infectious disease between middle school students and high school students were different(P< 0.05).Except for coughing and spitting,suspected symptoms of tuberculosis,the rates of other behavior formation among high school and middle school students were different(P< 0.05).All the students considered that doctor presentation,teacher explaination,consultation,and watching video were very effective behavior intervetion methods.Conclusion The knowledge rate of high school students for infectious disease was higher than that of middle school students but the rate of behavior formation in high school students was lower than that of middle school students.