Abstract: Objective To examine the suicidal ideation and its psychological factors among freshman for making related preventive strategies.Methods Totally 3 850 freshmen from Henan Institute of Science and Technology were investigated with University Personality Inventory(UPI),Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Psychological factors associated with suicidal ideation were analyzed with binary logistic regression.Results The positive ratio of the suicidal ideation was 4.21%.There was a significant difference in the suicidal ideation between the students with different education background(χ²=12.36,P=0.000)and different majors(χ²=18.4,P=0.002).There was no significant difference between female and male(χ²=0.299,P=0.583).The scores of UPI and SCL-90 showed that the students who had suicidal ideation had higher total score and the scores of ten factors than normal students(P < 0.01).The logistic regression results indicated that the factors obviously correlatd with suicidal ideation were depression(odds ratioOR=17.238),additional items(OR=2.453),hostility(OR=1.713),paranoid(OR=1.647),gender(OR=0.676),interpersonal-sensitivity(OR=0.449),and obsessive-compulsive(OR=0.412).Conclusion The mental health level of the freshmen with suicidal ideation is low.The depressed mood,sleeping disturbances,hostility,and paranoid are the risk factors of suicidal ideation.More attention should be taken to promote the mental health of the freshmen.