Abstract: Objective To evaluate cost-effectiveness of different interventions on AIDS in coal mine peasant workers.Methods From July to December,2009,459 peasant workers were selected in a coal mine of Kailuan Mine Group and divided into three groups.After a base line investigation,the interventions including distribution of propaganda materials,special lectures,and peer education were carried out for six times in five months.Then the in formation on AIDS-related sexual risk behavior and condom usage were collected.Cost-effect ratio was applied to evaluate the effect of each intervention.Results Five months after the intervention,the rate of condom use in commercial sex behavionir for the group of receiving propaganda materials was increased from 50.7% to 55.2%(χ²=0.683,P=0.408); the rate of condom use in the group receiving special lectures was increased from 51.0% to 78.0%(χ²=23.342,P=0.000)and for the group of peer education the rate was increased from 44.6% to 66.7%(χ²=15.920,P=0.000).The cost for the prevention of one case human immunodeficiency virus infection in the group of receiving propaganda materials,the group of receiving special lectures,and the group of peer education was 48 214.29,41 195.65,and 55 138.89 yuan RMB,respectively.Conclusion For the cost-effectiveness point of view,special lectures is the best intervention measure in coal mine peasant workers for prevention of AIDS.