Abstract: Objective To investigate the hospitals' ability and situation of prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) outbreak and to provide evidence for the improvement of HAI control.Methods Questionnaires were used to collect information on the organizational framework,functional realization,program and support about the prevention and control of the HAI outbreak in 121 hospitals conveniently sampled in China.The data was analyzed.Results The majority of the staff engaged in HAI control was nurses(47.97%,225/469),followed by clinical doctors(24.73%,116/469),and public health doctors(15.57%,73/469),and most of the staff had college education(44.78%,210/469).Scheme manual file for HAI emergercy was developed by 93.9%(113/121) of the hospitals but only 32.23% of the hospitals developed the plan for staff recruitment under HAI emergency.Conclusion The emergency management for HAI outbreak needs to be improved in hospitals in China.