Abstract: Objective To study the prevalence and related factors of smoking among residents and visitors in Macau.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information about general information,smoking status,smoking cessation,and local somoking control among 506 Macau residents and 495 visitors.Results The prevalence of smoking in Macau residents was 14.4%(73/506);the prevalence of smoking in the visitors was 17.8%(88/495).The ratio of smoking in the male was 31.6%(131/414)and 5.1% in the female(30/587).There were 49.3%(493/1001) of the people having correct knowledge about smoking-related diseases while there were 83.9%(839/1001)of the people who claimed suffered from second-hand smoke in public areas.The results of multi-variable logistic regression demonstrated that the protective factor of non-smoking among Macau residents was educational level(adds ratio=0.745)while the risk factor were friend of smoking(OR=17.104),negative attitude towards tobacco control(OR=3.126) and male gender(OR=5.420).The protective factors in the visitors was educational level(OR=0.788),while the risk factors were male gender(OR=11.778),negative attitude towards tobacco control(OR=2.678) and with the friend of smoking(OR=2.847).Conclusion Negative attitude towards tobacco control,male gender,and with the friend of smoking were the risk factor of smoking for both residents and visitors in Macau.Education on smoking control should be promoted among males to reduce smoking rate.