Abstract: Objective To explore the role of Kiss-1/G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) on the reductiion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in obesity male mice.Methods A total of 48 C57bl/6 male mice(6 weeks) were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups:12 in control group with basal diet,36 in the experimental group with high fat diet.In 8 weeks,the mice were divided into diet-induced obese (DIO) and diet-induced obese resistant (DIO-R) group according to body weight of the mice.Reproductive organs,perirenal fat and testicular fat were weighted.The level of Kiss-1 and GPR54 mRNA were detected.Results The weight of perirenal fat and testicular fat (0.59±0.10 g and 1.16±0.26 g) and the ratio to weight (0.018±0.002 and 0.036±0.007)in DIO group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05 for all).The level of Kiss-1 mRNA in the hypothalamus in DIO group(0.39±0.07)was significantly lower than that of the control group(1.00±0.05,P<0.05).Conclusion The decreased expression of Kiss-1 mRNA may play a role in the low level of gonadotropin release hormone in obese male mice.