Abstract: Objective To explore human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeificiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)-related knowledge,attitude and behavior among peasant workers in construction sites and to provide scientific basis for making prevention and control measures.Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey on knowledge,attitude and behavior about HIV/AIDS was carried out among peasant workers.Results A total of 432 peasant workers with an average age of 30.6 years were surveyed.The awareness of non-transmission of HIV was poor.The peasant workers of younger,lower education level,and shorter living time in the local area has poorer cognition of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge (P<0.05).The ratios of mastering AIDS related knowledge through television,newspapers,and magazine were 87.9%,47.6%,and 22.4% respectively.Most of the respondents were unwilling to eat and work with AIDS patients.The prevalent high risk behaviors among the workers included using shavers with others (36.8%),donating blood for money(5.6%),extramarital sex intercourse (5.3%),commercial sexual intercourse (3.7%),and low condom use(22.9%).Conclusion The knowledge of peasant workers about HIV/AIDS is poor and health education on HIV/AIDS needs to be improved among the workers.