Abstract: ObjectiveTo assess the effect of health education on tuberculosis control among community residents in Jiangsu province and to provide basis for planning health education program.MethodsCross-sectional studies with stratified cluster sampling were carried out before and after a health education among community residents aged 20-69 years in Zhangjiagang,Taixing,and Danyang city.With the questionnaire surveys,information about awareness of and attitude towards tuberculosis prevention and treatement were collected.Non-conditional multiple-factor logistic regression was adopted in data analyses.ResultsThere were 19 106 people in the baseline survey and 11 384 people in the terminal survey.After the health education,the total awareness rate for 8 key iterms of tuberculosis prevention and treatment was increased from 60.4% to 67.5% and the qualification rate for tuberculosis knowledge increased from 46.4% to 52.8%.At the same time,the proportion of residents with right attitude to tuberculosis patient increased from 68.0% to 78.9%.The results of non-conditional multiple-factor logistic regression indicated that the differences in the rate and proportion were statistically significant(P<0.05 for all).ConclusionThe community residents' knowledge level for tuberculosis prevention and treatment is low and the level can be increased by health education but efforts should be made to meet the requirement of national tuberculosis prevention plan.