Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine the prevalene of and high risk behavior related to human immunodeficency virus/syphilis infection among men who have sex with men(MSM),and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of AIDS in MSM.MethodsThe MSM were recruited with snowball method.An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted and blood samples were collected for HIV/syphilis tests among the MSM.ResultsThe overall awareness rate of human immunodeficiency virus was 80.50%(351/436);the average number of home-sex sexual partner was 2.46 in the latest six months and only 29.32%(107/365)of the MSM had one homosexual partner.The condom use rate was 22.47%(82/365)for the MSM with homosexual anal sex in the latest months and the rate was 50.05%(190/365)in the latest homosexual anal sex among the MSM.The positive rate for HIV antibody and syphilis rapid plasma regain was 6.19% and 11.24%,respectively.ConclusionThe high-risk behaviors of more homosexual partners and low condom use were common and the prevalences of HIV/syphilis infection were high among MSM in Xuchang city.