Abstract: Objective To examine the prevalence of tuberculosis and its risk factors in diabetic patients for earlier tuberculosis diagnosis.Methods Stratified-cluster random sampling was used to select 4 085 diabetic patients in Ningyang and Yishui county.Tuberculosis diagnosis and questionnaire survey were conducted in the diabetic patients.Relationship between tuberculosis and related risk factors among the diabetic patients were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.Results Totally 14 tuberculosis cases were diagnosed among the 4 085 diabetic patients.The prevalence of tuberculosis in the patients was 342.72/100 000,compared to 42.82/100 000 in the general population.Patients with comorbid diabetes and tuberculosis were more likely to be male,underweight,anxious(P<0.05 for all)and to have cough,fever,hyperthermia,fatigue in past 24 hours and cough,expectoration and hyperthermia in past one month(P<0.05 for all).ConclusionDiabetic patients have a higher rate of developing tuberculosis.Male,underweight and anxious diabetic patients are more likely to have tuberculosis.