Effects of heavy hazy episode on daily life and health among residents in Lishan district of Anshan city
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摘要: 目的评估2012年12月—2013年1月持续高浓度灰霾天气对辽宁省鞍山市立山区居民日常生活和身心健康的影响,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法对在鞍山市立山区抽取的2 142名≥18岁居民进行入户面访调查。结果鞍山市立山区2 142名居民中,有67.69%和66.57%的居民减少外出运动和外出活动时间,有21.94%和17.377%的居民有咳嗽症状和咽部刺激感,有10.18%和7.05%的居民曾因呼吸道疾病服药治疗和去医院就诊,有8.36%和5.18%的居民曾因心脑血管疾病服药治疗和去医院就诊,有24.98%的居民选择外出戴口罩;居民日常生活影响、刺激症状、疾病诊疗、应对行为评分分别为(3.11±1.85)、(1.00±1.41)、(0.31±0.80)、(0.65±0.77)分;偏相关分析结果表明,居民日常生活影响、刺激症状、疾病诊疗、应对行为评分间均呈正相关(r=0.091~0.456,均P<0.01)。结论严重灰霾天气可导致居民呼吸道和粘膜刺激症状,降低其日常生活品质,呼吸和循环系统疾病患者对严重空气污染更为敏感。Abstract: ObjectiveTo assess acute effects of the continuous and heavy hazy weather occurred in January 2013 on the quality of daily life and health of residents in Lishan district of Anshan city.MethodsA total of 2 350 subjects aged over 18 years were randomly selected from Lishan district of Anshan with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method.Demographic information,the influences of hazy weather on daily life,irritating symptoms,consultations in hospitals and/or drug administration for respiratory and/or cardiovascular diseases,and methods taken to cope with the bad weather were investigated during 1-7,January 2013.ResultsThe response rate was 91.15%.Of the residents,60% and 70%felt smoky and reduced outdoor activities or exercises;1/4th reported dusty smell in the air and cought;1/5th had throat pain or misted eye.We found significantly positive correlations among the scores of daily life influence,irritating symptoms,medical consultations and/or drug administration for respiratory or cardiovascular diseases after adjustment for age,sex,education,address,smoking and disease history,with the correlation coefficients of 0.27 to 0.76.ConclusionThe heavy hazy episode significantly increased the incidence of respiratory and other mucosa irritating symptoms and reduced the daily life quality of the residents and the residents with respiratory or cardiovascular diseases are more likely to be influenced by the heavy air pollution.
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Key words:
- hazy weather /
- health /
- influence /
- rapid assessment
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