口腔癌发病影响因素病例对照研究

何保昌; 高小叶; 陈法; 蔡琳

doi:10.11847/zgggws2014-30-02-41

口腔癌发病影响因素病例对照研究

Influencing factors of oral cancer：a case-control study

摘要

摘要: 目的了解口腔癌发病的影响因素，为口腔癌的预防控制提供参考依据。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究方法对2010年9月—2013年4月在福建医科大学第一附属医院口腔颌面外科就诊的206例口腔癌新发患者及同期到该医院进行健康体检和在其他科室就诊的584例非口腔相关疾病人群进行问卷调查。结果病例组吸烟、饮酒、有口腔疾病者的比例分别为50.97%、40.29%、5.34%，均高于对照组的29.62%、20.72%、1.54%（P<0.05），食用肉类、禽类、鱼类、海鲜、绿色蔬菜、其他蔬菜和水果≥1次/d者和吃补品、维生素者的比例分别为26.21%、1.46%、14.08%、4.85%、87.38%、79.13%、15.53%、6.31%、5.34%，均低于对照组的49.49%、7.19%、47.43%、33.56%、95.89%、95.21%、39.55%、15.58%、15.92%（P<0.05）；多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示，吸烟、饮酒和有口腔疾病是口腔癌发病的危险因素，食用海鲜和其他蔬菜≥1次/d及食用水果是口腔癌发病的保护因素。结论吸烟、饮酒和患口腔疾病可增加口腔癌发病的危险，食用海鲜、其他蔬菜和水果可降低口腔癌的发病风险。

Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors of oral cancer and to provide reference for the prevention of oral cancer.MethodsThe subjects included 206 oral cancer cases and 584 age-and gender-matched controls recruited from local population.The odds ratios(ORs) and their 95% confidence interval(95% CI) of all factors which entered unconditional logistic regression model were calculated.ResultsSignificantly higher consumption ratios of meat(49.49% vs 26.21%),poultry meat(7.19% vs 1.46%),fish(47.43% vs 14.08%),seafood(33.56% vs 4.85%),green leafy vegetables(95.89% vs 87.38%),other vegetables(95.21% vs 79.13%),fruits(39.55% vs 15.33%),supplements(15.58% vs 6.31%),and vitamin supplements(15.92% vs 5.34%) were observed in the controls compared to those in the cases(P<0.05 for all) ;the proportion of smoking(50.97%),alcohol drinking(40.29%) and oral diseases(5.34%) in case group were higher than those in the controls(29.62%,20.72% and 1.54%).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis indicated that seafood,other vegetables,and fruits were protective factors of oral cancer,whereas smoking,alcohol drinking and oral diseases were risk factors for oral cancer.ConclusionSeafood,other vegetables,and fruits consumptions may reduce the risk of oral cancer,but smoking,alcohol drinking and oral diseases could increase the risk of oral cancer.

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