Abstract: Objective To examine the variation trend of diseases distribution among inpatients in a worker's hospital from 2001 to 2010 and to provide basic data for prevention of major diseases.Methods Totally 82 178 medical records of inpatients were collected by using cluster sampling method from 2001 to 2010 in a worker's hospital in Gansu province.Results From 2001 to 2010,the ratio of respiratory disease inpatients was the highest(14.88%),followed by digestive system diseases(13.14%),injury and poisoning(12.45%),and circulatory system diseases(11.91%).The top five major diseases among the inpatients were essential hypertension(14.24%),pneumonia(13.96%),cholelithiasis(11.69%),acute upper respiratory tract infections(11.03%),and falling(10.69%).The results of Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed that the ratio of heart disease inpatients was positively correlated with the time(years)during the period,with an average increase rate of 10.12%,while the ratios of inpatients of acute upper respiratory tract infections,mechanical injuries and gastroenteritis and colitis were negatively correlated with the time(years),with the average decrease rates of 4.67%,6.25%,and 3.15%,respectively.Conclusion Respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases,injury and poisoning are major diseases to be controlled.Hypertension,pneumonia,cholelithiasis and heart disease are major diseases with strong impacts on workor's health.