Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the impact of residential neighborhood environmental factors on physical activity of residents in Minhang district,Shanghai city.MethodsMulti-stage stratified cluster sampling was employed to collect information in 1 099 residents aged 15 to 69 years,using a questionnaire combining Abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale(ANEWS)and International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ).Descriptive statistics, t test, χ² test and logistic regression model were used in data analyses.ResultsAmong the residents 83.9%were active in physical activity.After adjusting for demographics,physical activity was associated with residential density(odds ratio OR=0.996,95% confidence interval 95%CI=0.994-0.997)and neighborhood surroundings(OR=1.98,95%CI=1.48-2.66).Low residential density(OR=0.996,95%CI=0.994-0.997),easy access to services(OR=1.70,95%CI=1.17-2.46),beautiful neighborhood surroundings(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.03-1.64)and safety from traffic and crime(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.03-1.64)were associated with walking for active transportation.Easy access to services(OR=1.79,95%CI=1.21-2.65)and safety from traffic and crime(OR=1.52,95%CI=1.07-2.15)were associated with walking for active leisure.ConclusionThe residential neighborhood environment influences the physical activity of the residents,especially walking behavior.Physical activity could be promoted through improving residential density,aesthetics,access to services,and safety from traffic and crime.