Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine the distribution and composition of Anopheles Lesteri in Liaoning province and to provide evidence for the development of control strategy for the insect vector.MethodsMorphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify Anopheles Lesteri among Anopheles samples collected in Shenyang,Dalian,Dandong,Jinzhou,and Tieling city of Liaoning province in 2010.ResultsThe proportions of Anopheles Lesteri in Shenyang,Dalian,Dandong,Jinzhou,and Tieling were 26%,66%,73%,33%,and 83%,respectively,and the proportion was highest in Tieling and lowest in Shenyang.The results of morphological identification showed that the constituent ratio of Reye Anopheles were 30%,74%,80%,33%,and 72% for the samples collected in Shenyang,Dalian,Dandong,Jinzhou,and Tieling city,respctively,and there was no significant difference in the ratios between PCR identification and morphological identification(χ²=3.090 2,P>0.05).ConclusionAnopheles Lesteri was identified in all cities surveyed and was the dominant Anopheles in Dalian,Dandong and Tieling city.The north border of Anopheles Lesteri's distribution in China has moved to Tieling city,located in the northern latitude of 43°26'.