效能水平与高血压人群健康行为因素关系

赵雅宁; 景丽伟; 张盼; 窦娜; 郭霞; 陈长香; 李淑杏; 李建民

doi:10.11847/zgggws2014-30-07-16

效能水平与高血压人群健康行为因素关系

Relationship between self-efficacy and health behaviors and factors in elderly hypertension patients

摘要

摘要: 目的分析社区老年高血压人群效能水平与心血管健康行为和健康因素的关系。方法选取河北省唐山市荣华里、吉庆里、新华里、龙泉西里、团结楼和红星楼6个社区中已确诊为高血压的2 592例老年人作为研究对象，采用一般自我效能感量表（GSES）进行效能水平评测，结合随访1年期间高血压主要事件，分析老年高血压人群效能水平与心血管健康行为和健康因素的关系。结果唐山市社区老年高血压人群效能水平高组心血管健康行为吸烟、BMI、饮食、锻炼4项处于理想状态者分别占60%、60.2%、58.4%、59.4%，效能水平中组分别占39.4%、38.5%、36.5%、39.4%，效能水平低组分别占23.2%、24.5%、23.8%、22.5%；效能水平高组心血管健康因素血压、血糖、血脂3项处于理想状态者分别占55.8%、59.3%、54.9%，效能水平中组分别占36.7%、39.2%、38.1%，效能水平低组分别占23.5%、24.3%、24.1%；效能水平高组理想心血管健康行为和因素组合项目分布比率、患者1年内累积高血压事件发生率及脉压差变化情况优于效能水平中、低组。结论效能水平与心血管健康行为和健康因素相关，高效能水平可增加理想心血管健康行为和健康因素，预防老年高血压人群不良心脑血管事件的发生。

Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and cardiovascular health behaviors and factors in elderly hypertension patients.Methods We selected totally 2 592 elderly hypertension patients in communities and evaluated their self-efficacy levels with the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES).We analyzed the impacts of self-efficacy levels on ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors combining with the main event of hypertension during a year.Results The rates of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors(smoking,body mass indexBMI,diet,and exercise)were 60%,60.2%,58.4%,and 59.4%for high self-efficacy patients,39.4,38.5%,36.5%,39.4%for medium self-efficacy patients,and 23.2%,24.5%,23.8%,22.5%for low self-efficacy patients,respectively;the rates of ideal cardiovascular health factors(blood pressure,cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride)were 55.8%,59.3%,54.9%for high self-efficacy patients,36.7%,39.2%,38.1%for medium self-efficacy patients,and 23.5%,24.3%,24.1%for low self-efficacy patients,respectively.The cardiovascular health behaviors and factors,the cumulative incidence rate of cardivaseular events,and pulse pressure variation incidence in the high self-efficacy patients were better than those in midium and low self-efficacy patients.Conclusion The self-efficacy level is related to ideal cardiovascular health behavior and health factors.The high self-efficacy level could promote ideal cardiovascular health behavior and health factors,which can prevent the occurrence of cardio- and cerebro-vascular events.

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