Abstract: Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of environment hygiene in rural areas and to provide evidences for comprehensive environment management.Methods In 2012,220 monitoring stations were set up in the rural areas of 11 counties in Liaoning province.A cross-sectional study on drinking water,house toilet,management of stool,garbage and sewage,nocuous insects and pests in living environment,and management of environment hygiene at village level was carried out and soil samples were collected for detections of heavy metal,pH value and ascaris egg in the areas.The data collected were analyzed with SPSS 18.0.Results The ratio of centralized drinking water supply in the areas was 66.3% but only 10.1% of the water supply systems conducted disinfection for output water and 63.5% of the residents reported drinking boiled water.For the toilets in the houses of the residents,61.3% were sanitation toilets,of which,only 17.6% were non-hazardous sanitary toilets,and the ratio of night soil non-hazardous treatment was only 48.9%.For the rural areas surveyed,47.3% of domestic waste were piled up at random and the rate of hazard-free treatment of domestic waste was 17.3%;53.2% of the sewage was discharged at will and the ratio of sewage treatment was very low(1.4%).There were 7.2% of the kitchens with rat trace,59.7% of the houses with flies observed in the rooms and the average number of cockroach nymphs per residential unit area was 0.03.The mosquito breeding sites were identified around ambient environment for 29.1% of the houses surveyed.The average content of lead and cadmium were 18.57 mg/kg and 0.305 mg/kg,respectively,and the detection rate of ascaris egg was 40.9% for the soil samples.For all monitoring sites(villages) of the survey,65.0% had financial support for environment hygiene management.Conclusion Many environmental pollution and health risk factors exist in rural environment and control measures should be strengthened in Liaoning province.