Abstract: Objective To investigate diet and nutritional status among primary and secondary school students in Heilongjiang province and to provide evidences for nutrition intervention.Methods Totally 5 949 urban and rural primary and secondary school students were randomly selected from 5 regions of Heilongjiang province and their diet status was investigated using a 3-day dietary recall questionnaire.Results The intake of meat products was at a high level and the intakes of vegetables,fruits,fish,and milk and dairy products were at a low level.The intakes of vitamin C,calcium,vitamin A,vitamin B₂,vitamin B₁,and zinc were 30.7%-33.1%,40.4%-42.1%,44.6%-53.1%,60.1%-62.5%,56.2%-65.4%,and 66.0%-73.1%of the dietary reference intakes among the urban students and were 28.3%-33.0%,32.7%-35.3%,37.0%-41.0%,47.6%-62.2%,59.4%-66.0%,and 54.6%-64.9% among the rural students,respectively.The proportion of energy intake from protein was higher and that of from fat was lower than the reference values of Chinese dietary guideline.Conclusion The dietary pattern was unreasonable and daily nutrients intake was unbalanced among primary and secondary school students in Heilongjiang province.The dietary pattern should be adjusted according to Chinese dietary guideline to achieve balanced nutrition among the students.