Status and influential factors of health self-management in community elderly people and stroke patients
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摘要: 目的 了解河北省脑卒中老年人健康自我管理现状及其影响因素,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对在河北省唐山、石家庄、张家口3个城市抽取6 173名≥60岁老年人进行问卷调查。结果 河北省老年人脑卒中患病率为13.87%,年龄标化患病率为12.67%;脑卒中老年人健康自我自我管理行为、健康自我管理环境和健康自我管理认知得分分别为(47.75±10.86)、(35.60±8.29)、(58.35±7.74)分,均低于无脑卒中老年人的(49.70±10.97)、(37.07±8.21)、(59.46±8.14)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,文化程度越高、健康状况越好、社会支持越高、日常生活能力越好,脑卒中老年人健康自我管理行为和健康自我管理认知的越好;文化程度越高、健康状况越好、社会支持越高,脑卒中老年人健康自我管理环境越好。结论 社区脑卒中患者老年人健康自我管理能力较差;应针对影响因素施以干预,提高脑卒中老年人群的自我健康管理水平。文化程度、健康状况、社会支持、日常生活能力是脑卒中老年人健康自我管理能力的主要影响因素。Abstract: Objective To examine the status and influential factors of health self-management among community elderly people and stroke patients and to provide a scientific basis for taking appropriate interventions.Methods Investigations were carried out among 6 173 community people aged 60 years and above in three cities of Hebei province with multi-stage stratified cluster sampling.Results Among the participants,the prevalence rate of stroke was 13.87%and the age-standardized prevalence rate was 12.67%.The scores for health self-management behavior,environment,and cognition of the elderly with stroke were 47.75±10.86,35.60±8.29,and 58.35±7.74 and all the scores were lower than those of the elderly without stroke,with significant differences(P<0.01 for all).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the elderly people with stroke,living in urban area,having better health status and higher education,with social support and good daily living ability had better health self-management behaviors; the elderly people with stroke,living in urban area,having higher education,with social support and good daily living ability had better health self-management environment; the elderly people with stroke,living in urban area,and with good social support had better health self-management awareness(P<0.01).Conclusion Community elderly people with stroke have poor health self-management ability.Residential area,education level,health status,social support,activities of daily living are the main factors of health self-management among community elderly stroke patients and the factors need to be concerned for interventions on health self-management among community elderly people and stroke patients.
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Key words:
- health self-management /
- stroke /
- elderly people
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