Abstract: Objective To study pension pattern and its influencing factors among urban and rural elderly people in Shandong province and to provide a basis for improving pension services in the province.Methods A total of 2 932 urban and rural elders aged ≥60 years were selected from Ji'nan,Tai'an,Linyi,Heze,Liaocheng,Dezhou,and Zaozhuang municipality with multi-stage cluster random sampling and investigated through a self-designed questionnaire and Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL).Results Among the elder residents,98% chose family pension and only 2% chose agency pension.The results of unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that,compared with the healthy elders,the elder residents suffering from 1-3 chronic diseases were more likely to select family pension pattern; the elders with at least one child and living in their own houses were more likely to select family pension pattern compared to the elders without child and without private house.Conclusion Family pension is the main pension pattern among urban and rural elders in Shandong province and housing situation,number of children and heath status are major factors influencing the selection preference of pension pattern in the elders.