Knowledge,attitude and behavior about AIDS prevention among college students
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摘要: 目的 了解在校大学生对艾滋病知识的知晓情况及获得知识的相关途径,为有针对性地在大学生中开展艾滋病健康教育提供依据。方法 采取整群随机抽样方法,抽取辽宁省锦州市某高校一、二、三年级共800名学生作为调查对象,进行现场匿名自填式问卷调查,调查内容包括艾滋病知识的知晓情况,获得艾滋病知识的相关途径,对艾滋病感染者的态度、性行为史及安全套使用情况。结果 大学生对艾滋病防治知识总体知晓率为78.76%,其中男生知晓率为76.09%,女生知晓率为82.35%,女生知晓率高于男生(P<0.05),一、二、三年级大学生艾滋病防治知识知晓率分别为71.48%、81.35%、83.95%,知晓率呈随年级增加趋势(P<0.05);大多数学生对艾滋病3大传播途径(性传播、血液传播、母婴垂直传播)知识知晓率较高,均>90%,对蚊虫叮咬是否传播艾滋病等非传播途径知识了解较少;64.02%的学生对艾滋病感染者和病人存在歧视;7.39%的学生发生过性行为,第一次性行为使用安全套比例为39.29%,每次均使用安全套占40.91%,14.29%学生发生过商业性行为。结论 在校大学生艾滋病防治知识知晓率不高、且年级性别差异明显,应加强艾滋病及安全性行为的宣传教育,提高大学生的自我保护意识,减少高危行为。Abstract: Objective To examine the status of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)-related knowledge and the way to get the knowledge among college students and to provide evidences for conducting AIDS-related health education in the students.Methods By using cluster random sampling,we collected 800 students of grade 1 to 3 from a university in Jinzhou city of Liaoning province for an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey.ResultsAmong the students,the overall awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was 78.76% and the awareness rate of the girls was significantly higher than that of the boys(82.35% vs.76.09%,P<0.05).The awareness rate of AIDS prevention and treatment knowledge were 71.48%,81.35%,and 83.95% among the students of grade one,two,and three,respectively,and increased with the study years in the university(P<0.05); the awareness rates for the three major transmission routes(sexual,blood,and vertical transmission) of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) were all higher than 90% among the students but the awareness rate for knowledge about non-transmission routes of HIV such as whether a mosquito bite could transmit HIV was low.Of the students,64.02% manifested HIV/AIDS discrimination; 7.39% reported sexual behavior,of which,39.29% used condom in their first sexual experience,40.91% used condom in every sexual activity,and 14.29% reported commercial sexual behaviors.Conclusion College students do not have a good knowledge about AIDS prevention and treatment and the knowledge level is different among the students of various grade,suggesting health education on AIDS control and safe sexual behavior needs to be promoted among the students.
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Key words:
- college students /
- AIDS /
- knowledge /
- attitude /
- sexual behavior /
- health education
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