Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine the utilization of health care service and its related factors among floating women of childbearing age and to provide evidences for improving the quality of reproductive health for the women.MethodsWith the data from the reproductive health survey in floating population conducted in Beijing,Nanjing,Xiamen,Shen-zhen,and Chongqing municipality in 2005,the status of gynecological examination(GE)among 5 399 floating women was observed.Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the factors related to the utilization of GE.ResultsThe results of regression showed that the proportion of having GE among married women and women with other marital status(widowed and divorced)was 7.46-fold(95% confidence interval95%CI=5.45-10.21)and 4.86-fold(95%CI=2.33-10.15)higher than that among unmarried women.The proportion of having GE in the women with one parity was 1.47-fold(95%CI=1.13-1.90)higher than that in the women without childbearing history.The proportion of having GE in the women with the certificate of marriage and fertility for floating population was 1.41-fold(95%CI=1.24-1.61)higher than that in the women without the certificate.The proportion of having GE in the women who had signed family planning management agreement for floating population was 1.33-fold(95%CI=1.17-1.52)higher than that in the women did not signed the agreement.The proportion of having GE in the women participating in the education program organized by family planning departments was 1.56-fold(95%CI=1.38-1.76)higher than that in the women not participating in the program.The proportion of having GE in the women with self-reported normal or poor health condition was 1.25-folder(95%CI=1.08-1.44)and 1.80-folder(95%CI=1.25-2.60)higher than that in the women with self-reported good health condition.ConclusionMarried or ever married,having less parities,with certificate of marriage and fertility for floating people,with family planning management agreement for floating population,taking education programs organized by family planning departments,and with self-reported poor health are protective factors for utilization of GE in floating childbearing women.