Abstract: Objective To investigate the level of the knowledge about rabies and its influencing factors among community pet dog breeders in Shihezi city of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and to provide a reference for health education among the public.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used and 201 pet dog breeders residing in 16 buildings were randomly selected and investigated with a questionnaire survey.Scores for rabies knowledge were compared by Kruskal-Wallis H test and the pass rates by Chi-square test.Logistic regression model was adopted in data analyses.Results For the 201 pet dog breeders,the passing rate of rabies knowledge was 74.6%(150/201) and the average score was 66.76 ± 12.99.The passing rate of rabies-related knowledge gradually increased with the education level of the breeders(χ²_linear=12.331,P <0.01).The pet dog breeders with the education of junior high school or below has the lowest passing rate of rabies knowledge,with an average score of 60.21±12.20.The passing rate among the breeders with monthly income above 3 000 RMB yuan was higher than that with monthly income below 3 000 RMB yuan(χ²=12.946,P=0.005).The breeders keeping a pet dog for 60 months or more had a higher passing rate than those less than 60 months(χ²=6.321,P=0.042).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that pet dog breeders with the education of college(odds ratioOR=13.969,95% confidenee interval95%CI:3.565-54.732),with the education of undergraduate or above(OR=8.238,95%CI=2.026-33.501),having the monthly income of 3 000 RMB yuan or more(OR=3.819,95%CI=1.606-9.082),and keeping a dog more than 60 months(OR=6.229,95%CI=1.926-20.143) had a high passing rate of rabies knowledge.Conclusion The awareness rate of rabies knowledge among pet dog breeders in Shihezi city is low and education,income and the time of keeping a dog are main influencing factors for the knowledge.Specific health education should be strengthened by government agencies among pet dog owners,especially in those with lower education,low-income and less time of keeping a dog.