Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate antibiotics-related knowledge and its determinants among urban and rural residents in Nantong city.MethodsTotally 1588 residents over age of 18 years were selected from seven communities of Nantong city with stratified random sampling in July 2013 and investigated with a questionnaire survey.Univariate χ² test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted for statistical analysis.ResultsAmong the residents,the overall awareness rate of antibiotics-related knowledge were 44.65% and the rate was 38.36%,44.09%,and 55.08% among the residents living in rural areas,towns,and urban areas,respectively.The awareness rate was 13.38%,28.47%,45.62%,and 56.15% for the residents with the education of primary school,junior high school,senior high school,and college or above,respectively.Multivariate logistic analyses indicated that the determinants of the awareness rate were residential area(town:odds ratioOR=1.367,95%confidence interval95%CI:1.041-1.794;urban area:OR=1.436,95%CI:1.103-1.870),education level(junior high school:OR=2.315,95%CI:1.321-4.056;senior high school:OR=5.105,95%CI:2.921-8.920;college or above:OR=7.338,95%CI:4.107-13.111),occupation(office worker:OR=0.559,95%CI:0.367-0.850;factory and service worker:OR=0.621,95%CI:0.412-0.937;farmer and fishermen:OR=0.655,95%CI:0.335-1.278;student:OR=0.684,95%CI:0.472-0.990;other occupation:OR=0.947,95%CI:0.599-1.498),and willingness to learn medication knowledge(no willingness:OR=0.490,95%CI:0.382-0.629).ConclusionAntibiotics-related knowledge among the residents in Nantong city is at a low level,and health education on antibiotics-related knowledge should be strengthened among the population,especially among those living in rural areas.