Abstract: Objective To investigate the impact of nurses' capability for work,mental health,and coping style on occurrence of hospital workplace violence and to provide references for the prevention of hospital workplace violence.Methods With random sampling,240 nurses were selected from a hospital and surveyed were with a self-designed general questionnaire,Workplace Violence Event Scale(WVS),Work Ability Index Inventory(WAI),Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90),and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ).Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the associations of capability for work and coping style of the nurses with hospital workplace violence.Results Of the nurses,88(36.67%)were exposed to workplace violence events in the hospital during previous one year.For all the nurses,the average score of capability for work was 32.25±3.15;the average scores for positive and negative coping style were 38.26±4.25 and 31.85±5.42;the average total SCL-90 score was 25.96±5.36 and the domain scores were 2.09±0.82 for anxiety,2.18±0.88 for depression,2.20±0.91 for hostility,2.14±0.86 for paranoia,2.08±0.84 for paranoid,2.02±0.92 for somatization,2.11±0.71 for interpersonal sensitivity,2.18±0.850 for obsessive-compulsive symptoms,2.58±0.79 for psychosis,and 2.52±0.83 for other symptoms,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that working on night duty during the previous one month,with higher SCL-90 domain scores for the interpersonal sensitivity and hostility were risk factors for involvement of hospital workplace violence,while with higher capability for work and positive coping style were protective factors.Conclusion The involvement of hospital workplace violence is prevalent among nurses and capability for work,mental health,and coping style of the nurses have impacts on the occurrence of hospital workplace violence.