Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the effect of familial parenting style on intelligence development of children.MethodsA total of 315 children aged 5-6 years were randomly selected from 1 200 children undertaking intelligence development test at a maternal and child healthcare center;the intelligence of the children was measured with Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence(WPPSI) and Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(C-WISC) and a self-designed parenting style questionnaire based on Egna Minnen Betraffande Uppfostran(EMBU) was completed by the parents of the children selected.ResultsThe intelligence development was significantly different among the children with different parenting style;the children with educational parenting style had the highest excellence rate(59.62%)of intelligence quotient(IQ),followed by those with strict parenting style(34.23%) and those with laissez-faire parenting style(10.52%).The children with different parenting style showed significantly different prevalence of non-intelligence behavioral problems,with the prevalences of will- and emotion-related behavioral problems of 62.39%,100%,and 91.76% for the children with educational,strict,and laissez-faire parenting style(P<0.01).Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that main influencing factors of intelligence development of the children included parenting style,parental education and occupation.ConclusionParenting style has obvious effects on intelligence development of children and the children with parents of low education are key groups for interventions on development and education.