Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP) about myopia prevention in primary and middle school students in some regions of Shandong province,and to provide evidences for eye health education and behavioral intervention.MethodsTotally 5 193 students were selected from 12 elementary,middle and high schools in Guanxian county and Weihai city of Shandong province using random cluster sampling and investigated with a questionnaire survey.ResultsOnly 31.79%of primary school students knew about treatment methods of myopia,and only 40.47%of junior school students and 58.00%of senior high school students knew about treatment of pseudomyopia.Of all the students,53.48%,27.46%,12.48%,and 6.57%were very worried,worried,not worried,or not concerned about their eyesight,respectively.Of the students with myopia,19%reported reading while lying in bed,whereas only 8.29%of the students with normal eyesight reported reading while lying in bed(χ²=126.70,P<0.05).The students of higher grade reported higher rates of reading while lying in bed frequently and relaxing the eyes after reading for a long time(χ²=81.10 and 9.99,P<0.05 for all).ConclusionThe knowledge rates for myopia prevention and control were low among the students in some regions of Shandong province,suggesting the attitude and practice about eye health need to be strengthened in the students.