Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of the multidrug-resistant(MDR) tuberculosis(TB) and to provide evidences for the prevention of MDR-TB.MethodsAll new registered sputum smear-positive patients in TB sentinel surveillance sites of Qingdao municipality were collected in 2013. Identification and susceptibility tests were done for all culture positive samples. Proportion method was used to conduct drug sensitivity test according to the guidelines for surveillance of drug resistance(DR) in tuberculosis of World Health Organization/International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(WHO/IUATLD).Logistic regression was used in multivariate analyses.The data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0.ResultsThe total resistance rate was 22.45%,while the initial was 21.75% and the retreatment was 38.09%,and the MDR rate was 4.69%.Logistic regression analyses indicated that weak medication adherence of the patient(odds ratioOR=9.97,95% confidence interval95% CI:5.16-19.28),with a rural residence(OR=6.22,95%CI: 3.27-11.83 P<0.05),and aged 20-40 years(OR=1.77,95%:1.30-2.39) were risk factors of MDR-TB.ConclusionThe prevalence of the MDR-TB is relatively high in Qingdao region and treatment history,compliance to medication,and residence are the major abiological influencing factors TB incidence.