Abstract: Objective To analyze disease burden of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,and stroke among rural adult residents in Dayao county of Yunnan province.Methods Stratified random sampling was used to select a representative sample of 2479 rural residents aged 35 years and over from Dayao county.Disability adjusted life years(DALY)was used as the measurement indicator of disease burden.Results Among the participants,the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease(CHD),stroke,obesity,and central obesity was 40.4%,6.1%,5.5%,1.9%,4.6%,and 39.9%,respectively.The DALY/1000 due to hypertension,diabetes,CHD,and stroke was 2.0,3.4,32.4 and 24.0,respectively.The DALY/1000 for diabetes,CHD,and stroke were 3.7,34.9,and 27.2 in the males,which were higher than those in the females(3.0,30.2,and 21.0).The DALY/1000 for hypertension was 1.9 in the males,which was lower than tha in the females(2.1).After adjusting for gender,age,education level,marital status,family income per capita,familial disease history,smoking,and other confounding factors,obese people had 3.5,4.8,2.1,and 6.1 times increased risk for hypertension,diabetes,CHD,and stroke,while the central obese people had 2.3,2.4,1.9,and 5.2 times increased risk for hypertension,diabetes,CHD,and stroke compared to the non-obese(all P<0.05).The total DALY for the 4 obesity-related diseases was 17453.6,of which,15.9% was attributed to obesity and 41.2% to central obesity.Conclusion Reducing the prevalence of obesity and central obesity is helpful to decrease disease burden of hypertension,diabetes,CHD,and stroke among rural adult residents in Dayao county.