Influence of parenting style and gender disparity on adolescent problem behaviors
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摘要: 目的 了解父母教养方式对青少年问题行为及性别差异的影响。方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,于2007年9月-2008年4月,在北京市18个区随机抽取1387名青少年进行一般情况、父母教养方式、问题行为的问卷调查。结果 男生问题行为水平为(13.29±11.39)分,明显高于女生的(11.86±9.91)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.92,P<0.01);父母教养方式的4个维度得分依次为母亲温暖(25.12±5.91)分、母亲监管(23.37±6.65)分、父亲温暖(25.37±4.91)分、父亲监管(22.33±6.54)分,均高于男生的(23.86±6.11)、(22.30±6.78)、(23.53±5.40)、(20.81±6.50)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);问题行为与父母教养方式中的母亲温暖(r=-0.27,P<0.01)、母亲监管(r=-0.31,P<0.01)、父亲温暖(r=-0.28,P<0.01)、父亲监管(r=-0.30,P<0.01)4个维度均呈明显负相关;性别在父母教养方式与问题行为之间无调节作用(P>0.05)。结论 男生应该得到与女生同样的父母关注和关心,以减少问题行为的发生。Abstract: Objective To examine the influence of parenting style and gender disparity on adolescent problem behaviors.Methods With random cluster sampling,1387 adolescents aged 10-18 years were selected from 18 districts of Beijing municipality and a questionnaire survey was conducted among the adolescents and their parents selected from September 2007 to April 2008.Results The male adolescents had a significantly higher score for problem behaviors than the female adolescents(13.29±11.39 vs.11.86±9.91)(t=2.92,P<0.01).Compared to the male adolescents,the female adolescents had significantly higher scores for the four domains of parenting style of maternal warmth (25.12±5.91 vs.23.86±6.11),maternal monitoring (23.37±6.65 vs.22.30±6.78),fatherly warmth(25.37±4.91 vs.23.53±5.40),and fatherly monitoring(22.33±6.54 vs.20.81±6.50)(all P<0.01).Adolescents' problem behaviors were significantly correlated reveresely with the four domains of parenting style of maternal warmth(r=-0.27,P<0.01),maternal monitoring(r=-0.31,P<0.01),fatherly warmth(r=-0.28,P<0.01),and fatherly monitoring(r=-0.30,P<0.01).No moderating effect of gender disparity on the relationship between parenting style and problem behaviors was observed among the adolescents(P>0.05).Conclusion The same parental attention and concern should be paid to adolescent boys as to the girls to reduce the occurrence of problem behaviors among the boys.
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Key words:
- parenting style /
- adolescent problem behaviors /
- gender /
- moderating effect
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