Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of reproductive tract infection(RTI) in floating population and to provide references for improving reproductive health of the populatin.Methods A total of 8280 migrant employees aged 15-49 years and working in factories,construction sites,enterprises and institutions,and restaurants,hotels or entertainment places in Beijing,Chongqing,Taiyuan,and Chengdu municipality were recruited and surveyed with a questionnaire.Results The proportion of the participants with one or more RTI symptoms in the previous one year was 18.51%(1533/8280),with the top two symptoms of vaginal/urethral abnormal secretions(9.89%,819/8280)and abdominal pain(9.11%,754/8280).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the prevalence of RTI among the female participants was higher(odds ratioOR=2.284,95% confidence interval95%CI=2.022-2.579) than among the male; the prevalence of RTI among the divorced or widowed was lower(OR=0.639,95%CI=0.472-0.865) than among the married; the prevalence of RTI among the participants with the education background of high school/vocational school(OR=0.803,95%CI=0.654-0.988),college(OR=0.634,95%CI=0.491-0.820),and bachelor or above(OR=0.682,95%CI=0.507-0.916) was lower than those with the education of primary school or below; the prevalence of RTI among the participants with registered permanent residence in urban areas(OR=0.684,95%CI=0.591-0.790) was lower than among those with registered permanent residence in rural areas.Conclusion The prevalence of RTI in floating population is high.Female gender,the married,single but with sexual experience,low education,and with registered permanent residence in rural areas may be risk factors of RTI in the floating population.