Abstract: Objective To study the association of gender role conflict with sub-mental health among male adolescents to provide evidences for promoting mental health in male adolescents.Methods Using Chinese Version Gender Role Conflict Scale-Adolescents and Sub-Mental Health Questionnaire for Adolescents,we surveyed 809 male students selected with random cluster sampling from three junior and three senior high schools in Chengdu city in 2014.Results The detection rate of psychological sub-health in the male adolescents was 34.4%.The average scores were 12.20±4.59 for the need for success and achievement(NSA),18.28±6.63 for restrictive emotionality(RE),17.08±6.62 for restrictive affectionate behavior between males(RABM),14.99±6.29 for conflict between study and family relations(CBSF),and 24.38±8.54 for parent expectation(PE),respectively.All the domains of gender role conflict were positively associated with sub-mental health and the results of stepwise regression showed that the five domains(NSA,RE,RABM,CBSF and PE)could explain 11.10% of variation of sub-mental health among the male adolescents.Conclusion Gender role conflict has positive effect on sub-mental health among male adolescents.