Abstract: Objective To examine the status of follow-up service for urban and rural residents with hypertension or type Ⅱ diabetes.Methods Data on medication and follow-up of 373187 hypertension and 108699 type Ⅱ diabetes patients were extracted from health records of 4210870 urban and rural residents in two prefectures of Liaoning province in 2013 and analyzed.Results Of the all hypertension patients followed-up, 64.14% were in rural communities and 35.70% in urban communities; of the hypertension patients in rural communities, 53.23% took only one type of antihypertension drug and 39.30% had no antihypertension medication at all.Of all the type Ⅱ diabetes patients followed-up, 52.03% were in rural communities and 47.84% in urban communities; of the type Ⅱ diabetes patients in rural communities, 51.69% took only one type of drug for medication and 42.39% had no medication.The majority of hypertension and type Ⅱ diabetes patients followed-up were at the ages from 41 to 65 years old; a total of 278 hypertension patients and 117 type Ⅱ diabetes patients were aged 7-17 years, suggesting a tendency of early incidence of hypertension and type Ⅱ diabetes.Conclusion More rural community hypertension and type Ⅱ diabetes patients were followed-up than urban commuity patients but the ratio of having medication for the two diseases was lower among rural community patients than among the urban patients and there may be a tendency for early incidence of the two diseases among residents in Liaoning province.