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吉宁, 张勇, 毛凡, 邓晟, 范义兵, 白雅敏. 公共场所工作人员二手烟暴露情况及影响因素分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2016, 32(5): 573-577. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-05-02
引用本文: 吉宁, 张勇, 毛凡, 邓晟, 范义兵, 白雅敏. 公共场所工作人员二手烟暴露情况及影响因素分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2016, 32(5): 573-577. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-05-02
JI Ning, ZHANG Yong, MAO Fan.et al, . Secondhand smoke exposure and related factors among employees in public places[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2016, 32(5): 573-577. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-05-02
Citation: JI Ning, ZHANG Yong, MAO Fan.et al, . Secondhand smoke exposure and related factors among employees in public places[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2016, 32(5): 573-577. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-05-02

公共场所工作人员二手烟暴露情况及影响因素分析

Secondhand smoke exposure and related factors among employees in public places

  • 摘要: 目的 了解公共场所工作人员二手烟(SHS)暴露、禁烟标识和烟草危害相关知识水平等情况。方法 2014年4-7月,采用立意抽样的方法在国家慢性病综合防控示范区中选取6个项目区(县)的医疗卫生机构、政府机构和餐饮机构3类公共场所的1676名工作人员进行问卷调查。结果 90.58%调查对象表示不吸烟,其中65.48%遭受SHS暴露,多因素分析发现工作场所类别(政府vs.餐饮:OR=3.094,95%CI=1.752~5.464)、经济地区(东部vs.西部:OR=0.439,95%CI=0.330~0.582;中部vs.西部:OR=0.699,95%CI=0.522~0.936)、城乡分布(城市vs.农村:OR=0.719,95%CI=0.574~0.902)和教育水平(大专及以上vs.高中及以下:OR=1.403,95%CI=1.008~1.953)是SHS暴露的影响因素(P<0.05)。92.57%的被调查者报告过去1个月内在其工作场所内看到过禁烟标识或相关禁烟宣传,多因素分析发现,场所类别(医疗vs餐饮:OR=5.449,95%CI=2.633~11.276;政府vs.餐饮:OR=0.438,95%CI=0.205~0.934)、经济地区(东部vs.西部:OR=2.015,95%CI=1.296~3.135;中部vs.西部:OR=9.556,95%CI=4.609~19.814)、城乡分布(城市vs.农村:OR=2.567,95%CI=1.667~3.951)和性别(女性vs.男性:OR=0.389,95%CI=0.248~0.608)是其影响因素(P<0.05)。烟草危害相关知识的正确回答率在44.10%~92.74%之间,回答正确率较低的问题为"低焦油"(44.10%)和"淡味"(47.54%)卷烟问题。结论 公共场所工作人员SHS暴露严重,应进一步推进禁烟标识覆盖、提高烟草危害相关知识水平及推进相关法律法规出台与执行等措施,防止SHS暴露。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the exposure of secondhand smoke(SHS), warning labels and tobacco related knowledge among employees working in public places.Methods Purposive sampling method was used to choose a total of 1 676 staff from public places such as medical care settings, government agencies and restaurants in 6 national non-communicable disease control and prevention demonstration areas in 6 provinces or municipalities for a questionnaire survey between April to July 2014.Results Among all the respondents, 90.58% were non-smokers, of which, 65.48% reported exposed to SHS.Multivariate analysis showed that category of the public place(medical care setting vs.restaurant:odds ratioOR=3.094, 95% confidence interval95%CI:1.752-5.464), economic area of the public place (eastern vs.western area:OR=0.439, 95%CI:0.330-0.582;middle vs.western area:OR=0.699, 95%CI:0.522-0.936), administration region of the public place(urban vs.rural region:OR=0.719, 95%CI:0.574-0.902), and education level of the respondent(college or above vs.high school or below:OR=1.403, 95%CI:1.008-1.953) were related to SHS exposure(all P<0.05).Of the respondents, 92.54% reported having been reading warning labels or materials about tobacco control in their workplaces within the previous 30 days.Multivariate analysis showed that category of the public place(medical care setting vs.restaurant:OR=5.449, 95%CI:2.633-11.276;government agency vs.restaurant:OR=0.438, 95%CI:0.205-0.934), economic area of the public place (eastern vs.western area:OR=2.015, 95%CI:1.296-3.135;middle vs.western area:OR=9.556, 95%CI:4.609-19.814), administration region of the public place(urban vs.rural region:OR=2.567, 95%CI:1.667-3.951) and gender(female vs.male:OR=0.389, 95%CI:0.248-0.608) were significant influencing factors for respondents' awareness of tobacco control labels(all P<0.05).The correct answer rate for tobacco related questions ranged from 44.10% to 92.74%;the two questions with the lower correct answer rate were about health hazard of "low tar" and "light" cigarette (44.10% and 47.54%) Conclusion The SHS exposure among the staff in public places is still serious.Measures such as raising the coverage of the warning labels and improving tobacco related knowledge should be taken to cope with the situation.

     

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